Producing domestic water sea water RO technology

14/05/2019 - Tin tức
The severe shortage of water due to increasing population, urbanization and quality of life in the world has caused many countries (especially arid and semi-arid regions) to adopt technologies Desalination, first of all to meet living needs. Desalination is the process of removing dissolved salts and other substances found in saline water, brackish water, or groundwater. Based on the level of water treatment technology and treatment purposes, the desalination process can treat quality water for domestic or industrial use or irrigation.

1. PROCESS OF DISINFECTION OF SEA WATER

The severe shortage of water due to increasing population, urbanization and quality of life in the world has caused many countries (especially arid and semi-arid regions) to adopt technologies Desalination, first of all to meet living needs. Desalination is the process of removing dissolved salts and other substances found in saline water, brackish water, or groundwater. Based on the level of water treatment technology and treatment purposes, the desalination process can treat quality water for domestic or industrial use or irrigation.

The desalination industry has become a commercial industry since the 1950s and 1960s. Due to a great reduction in cost and increase in efficiency, especially in the 1970s, desalination, in which membrane filters occupied advantage in seawater treatment technologies, has become a reliable strategy and water supply to meet domestic needs.

Currently it is estimated that there are more than 12,000 sea and brackish water treatment plants in over 140 countries worldwide, with a total capacity of up to 40 million m3 per day. Of which seawater treatment accounted for 57.4%. (WHO, 2008). Desalination capacity in the world reaches nearly 9.6 billion m3, of which countries under the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Qatar and Oman occupy 47% of total capacity.

GCC countries are a good example of rapid urbanization and population growth has increased the demand for water. The average population growth rate of the region (over 

3.4%) has made the population increase 14 million in 1970 to nearly 30 million in 2000. The demand for domestic water has increased 2.6 billion m3 to nearly 4 billion m3 in the period 1990-2000. This demand will increase to 10.4 billion m3 by 2030.

To desalinate seawater for daily life, there are many methods, there are many technologies that can be applied, but depending on the specific conditions of each locality, which method is most appropriate .and the following are some desalination processes that use filters for domestic use commonly used in desalination plant technology diagrams.

   -Filtration membrane method

   - Nanofiltration membrane method

   - RO reverse osmosis method

   -The method of dialysis electricity ...

2. EXPERIENCE USING FILTERS OF SEAWEED SEA TO SUPPLY WATER OF COUNTRIES IN THE WORLD

In the 1960s and 1970s, one of the solutions to water shortages was planning reservoirs, but where freshwater resources were scarce, there was not enough storage for water demand. Brackish water was applied for the first time to desalinate on a large scale factory in 1960. 1973 was the first time to successfully desalinate seawater with RO technology. Desalination technology has been widely applied since the 1980s of the last century.

The increasing shortage of freshwater due to increasing population, urbanization and 

quality of life in the world has led many countries to accept desalination technologies, first to meet their needs. living needs. With technology and qualification increasing, the capacity is increasingly raised to meet the demand for water in the condition that freshwater resources are increasingly exhausted, the cost is lower and lower the saline water industry has become a commercial, strategic and reliable source of water to meet living needs.

There have been many factories turning brackish and seawater fresh water in the Middle East, Mediterranean, America, Southern Europe, Caribbean, Japan, Channel Islands, Tenerife and Gran Canaria - where the natural freshwater source is very rare.

In 2004 with more than 11,000 desalination plants, producing over 20,000,000 m3 / day with 60% of capacity in West Asia, 11% North America, 7% in Europe and North Africa, and 4% in central South American mind. (T. Witham, Reusing nature's most precious resource, WAVE / USFilter 2 (1) (2003), 34-36.).

With the scarcity of fresh water, the construction of saline and saline water treatment plants is being developed strongly in countries around the world and is a safe water supply for future water demand.

 Table 2.1: Some large factories using RO reverse osmosis technology treat salty water

 


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